4) Vortex separator: It separates fine chips and fine particles, but does not separate light dirt and oil. The principle of the vortex separator is shown in Figure 5. The purification process is: the cooling lubricating liquid with fine particles is pressed tangentially along the inner wall of the cylindrical section, and fully rotates in the cylindrical section, spirals along the inner wall and enters the cone separation zone, and the spiral strength in the separation zone is further The faster the lower, the centrifugal force generated by the hovering causes the fine particles to be thrown toward the wall circumference, and then the fine particles fall along the inner wall and flow out from the bottom flow port. The centrifugal force acting on the fine particles is often several times to several tens of times the weight of the fine particles, so the fine particles are easily thrown. The center of the cone forms an air column due to the hovering, and a low pressure zone appears adjacent to it, causing the purified cutting fluid to rise and flow out from the overflow port at the top. This separator generally has a supply pressure of 0.25 to 0.4 MPa and an outlet pressure of 0.04 to 0.06 MPa. When separating the cutting liquid containing a large amount of chips or containing large chips, in order to prevent the bottom of the cone from being blocked, the cutting fluid must be subjected to gravity precipitation or magnetic separation beforehand. This separator is suitable for high-speed grinding, strong grinding, general refining, purification of synthetic fluids, emulsions and low-viscosity oil-based cutting fluids.
Various sedimentation tanks and separators can be combined to increase the purification rate and degree of purification. For example, the precipitation tank can be used together with the magnetic separator to remove oil slick, abrasive chips, chips and grinding wheels, magnetic separators, sedimentation tanks and The vortex separators are used in series to obtain an accuracy of about 10 μm. However, this method is only suitable for single-machine small-flow conditions, and the processing capacity is generally small.
6.2 Filter device
1) Gravity type paper belt filter: As shown in Fig. 6, it is used for the single machine circulation system for purifying the grinding fluid in the bearing grinding process. The system uses a magnetic separator and a gravity type paper belt filter. The filter medium is made of non-woven fabric and has a filtration precision of 20 μm. The dirty liquid from the machine tool is naturally returned to the magnetic separator, and the primary filter is filtered by the magnetic separator. Most of the magnetic particles are adsorbed out, and then the magnetic separator outlet flows into the water receiving tray of the filter with the leakage net, and flows to On the filter paper, the filter paper is laid on the conveying net, and the conveying net automatically transports the dirty paper according to the switching signal of the liquid level switch. The emulsion passes through the filter paper and enters the clean water tank at the lower part of the filter, while impurities and oil are trapped on the upper surface of the filter paper. When the filter paper is clogged, the float of the liquid level switch rises, the liquid level switch is turned on, the transport chain net is driven to output dirty paper, and at the same time, the new paper is moved, the liquid level on the filter paper is quickly lowered, the float is reset, and the float is removed. At the end of the paper, the filter paper and filter residue fall into the stain box. The system can be automatically and independently controlled, the operation is simple and easy, and the application is the most extensive. The filtration precision is determined according to the choice of filter paper. The specifications of the series of filters produced by our company are 25L/min~2000L/min.
2) Flat bed paper tape filter (positive pressure paper tape filter)
The positive pressure flat bed filter body consists of a movable upper case and a fixed lower case. The structure name of each part of the flat bed paper belt filter produced by our company is shown in Figure 7. The upper box is connected to two cylinders and can be vertically raised and lowered. Clamped by cylinder or cylinder during operation. There is a filter paper and a metal steel strip between the upper box and the lower box, and the steel has the function of supporting and conveying the filter paper. A rubber seal is placed on the joint between the upper and lower casings of the filter. During work, the dirty liquid enters the upper tank through a pipeline under a certain pressure, and the particulate impurities in the dirty liquid are trapped by the filter paper, and the filtered liquid liquid is collected into the clean liquid tank. When the filter paper is used for a period of time, the passing ability of the floating liquid is lowered, and when the internal pressure is raised to a certain degree, the system will automatically cut off the input of the emulsion, and the emulsion in the upper tank is driven out by the compressed air, after a set period of time, the cylinder Raise the upper box, move the filter belt horizontally, input new paper, and then press the upper box to close and start the next cycle. The whole control process is controlled by PLC to complete the predetermined action. The control mode has pressure control and time control to choose from, realize continuous filtering, adjust preset value and automatically change paper.
Figure 7 Flat bed paper tape filter
1 Sewage inlet 2 Inlet automatic control valve 3 Flexible hose 4 Filter belt 5 Air bag 6 Upper case 7 Lower case 8 Clean liquid outlet 9 Pressure control valve 10 Contamination vehicle 11 Compressed air inlet 12 Four-position valve 13 Sewage Dispenser 14 cleaning nozzle 15 cleaning liquid return pipe 16 cleaning liquid collection box 17 cleaning tank
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