The friction and wear of the sealing material are related to the cohesive work Wc and the adhesion work Wab of the substance. The friction and wear of the sealing material are related to the cohesive work Wc and the adhesion work Wab of the substance. The work done on a solid column having a cross-section of 1 cm 2 without dividing the cross-sectional area is called cohesive work Wc, ​​which characterizes the degree of attraction of the same substance. That is, the specific surface energy after doubling is doubled. It is assumed that the interface energy of the contact portion of the upper substance a and the lower substance b of the column is.
The friction surface is often in contact with surrounding media and gases and lubricants. The molecules on a solid surface create a force field pointing to the space on the surface due to the imbalance of the attraction of the surrounding molecules or atoms, so it has the ability to attract other molecules. When the solid surface molecules adsorb some surrounding media, the internal molecules' partial attraction to the surface molecules is partially offset, and the surface energy is also reduced, and a part of the heat is released. The heat released is called heat of adsorption. The adsorption equilibrium of the surrounding medium molecules on the solid surface is a dynamic equilibrium. On the one hand, the solid surface attracts the molecules of the surrounding medium; on the other hand, the molecules adsorbed on the solid surface may be separated from the solid surface due to the continuous thermal motion, which is called desorption. When the rates of adsorption and desorption are equal, the adsorption reaches equilibrium. The amount of heat absorbed reflects the firmness of adsorption of surrounding medium molecules on the solid surface.
The greater the heat of adsorption of the lubricant on the metal surface, the stronger the adsorption. Adsorption of sealing materials may be physical or chemical, called physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, respectively.
Physical adsorption is formed by the attraction between molecules. This adsorption does not change the molecular or electronic distribution of the adsorbed layer, its adsorption energy is weak, it is sensitive to temperature, and heat can desorb the molecule. This type of adsorption is generally non-selective and any solid has physical adsorption to any liquid. This adsorption rate is large and easy to desorb, and adsorption and desorption are reversible.
Chemical adsorption is selective. This adsorption relies on chemical strength to adsorb surrounding molecules on the surface to form new compounds. Since the chemical bond force does not exceed (2~3)×10-10m, which is equivalent to the thickness of one molecule, chemisorption is the adsorption of a monolayer. The chemisorbed film can be desorbed when heated with additional energy.
Solid surface layer structure
The friction and wear of the metal is related to its surface layer structure. The surface of the sealing material refers to a pure and ideal surface, such as a pure surface exposed during machining. If left untreated, it will soon be contaminated by the surrounding medium to form various films. Within the metal surface, layers of different properties are also formed due to the processing. The properties of the various physical and chemical films and layers in the outer layer of the surface and the inner layer of the surface are different. Below the surface is a machined deformation layer, including a deformed layer of the Beilbylayer. The Bisch layer is an amorphous layer. It is formed during the polishing process, which has both metal deformation and oxidation molecules, about 70~100 thick (1=10-10m; 104=1μm).
The general structure of the metal surface layer varies depending on the processing method, and the thickness of the deformed layer is also different. The grains will be refined. The surface grain refinement layer and the change structure of the material structure are as deep as several tens of micrometers. Roughing extends this layer deeper, even a few hundred microns. The deformed layer has a high hardness due to the action of hardening. The Bisch layer is a thin layer formed by the melting and plastic flow of the material during surface forming. There are three types of films on the surface depending on the environment. The thinnest is a chemical adsorption film. This is followed by a monolayer lubricating film (ordinary dirty film), which is the most basic boundary layer. The thickest oxide film, which consists of a composite oxide, the closer to air, the higher the oxy-iron ratio (Fe-FeO-Fe3O4-Fe2O3). The properties of the oxide film are quite different from those of the part itself. In the friction process, the structure, properties and the law of cracking and regeneration of the surface film have great influence on the friction performance. If the friction mainly occurs in the film layer, the presence of the sealing material makes the metal friction surface less likely to stick, and the friction coefficient will decrease, and the wear may be reduced.
Seal ring (http://)
The company contact information is as follows:
Company Name: Shanghai Luo Geng Electromechanical " target=_blank> Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd.
Address: Room 1810, Block C, No. 547 Tianmu West Road, Shanghai
Contact: Manager Chen
Mobile phone
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fax
Qq number
Email: [email protected]
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Editor: (Hardware Business Network Information Center) http://news.chinawj.com.cn
Off-road driving with your vehicle can be exhilarating, but sometimes you might find yourself stuck on some rocks or in a pit of mud. Fortunately, if you have a winch mounted on your vehicle, you shouldn`t have any problem getting yourself unstuck. To use your 12 volt winch properly, you`ll need to locate a sturdy anchor to attach it to. Once your winch is rigged, you can slowly pull your vehicle out from whatever it`s stuck in.
9500LBS Line Speed And Amp Draw(First Layer)
|
9500LBS Line Speed And Amp Draw(First Layer) |
||||||
|
Line Pull |
lb |
No |
4000 |
6000 |
8000 |
9500 |
|
kg |
LOAD |
1818 |
2727 |
3636 |
4318 |
|
|
Line Speed |
ft/min |
33.50 |
14.07 |
12.60 |
10.10 |
8.20 |
|
m/min |
11.74 |
4.29 |
3.84 |
3.08 |
2.5 |
|
|
Motor Current |
Amps |
72 |
143 |
201 |
276 |
353 |
|
9500LBS Line Speed And Amp Draw(First Layer) |
||||||
|
Layer of Cable |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
Rated Line Pull per Layer |
lb |
9500 |
8000 |
6000 |
5000 |
|
|
kg |
4318 |
3636 |
2727 |
2273 |
||
|
Length of Cable on Drum |
ft |
16.50 |
41.66 |
64.19 |
75.44 |
|
|
m |
5.03 |
12.7 |
19.57 |
23 |
||
Typical Applications: off-road vehicles, agricultural vehicles, ATV all-terrain vehicles, yachts, fire rescue vehicles, road barrier vehicles and other special vehicles, special vehicles.
Usages:
Plug the winch remote control into the winch. Your
winch should have come with a remote control attached to a long cord. Look for
the plug at the end of the cord and attach it to the corresponding receptacle
on the outside of the winch. Run the remote control cord from the winch to the
driver`s seat and place the remote control in your vehicle
Put on a pair of thick gloves. Never handle a winch cable without gloves on. The cable could cut your hands.
Find something in front of your car to anchor your winch to. A large tree trunk, boulder, or other vehicle is ideal.
Don`t anchor your winch to something small and weak or you risk breaking it.
Try to find an anchor that`s straight in front of your vehicle.
Use the disengage lever to release the winch cable. The disengage lever should be located on the outside of
the winch. The lever should have an option that says [free spool" or
[disengaged." Turn the lever to that option. This will release the cable so
you`re able to manually pull it out from the winch.
Pull the winch cable all the way to the anchor. Don't pull too
much of the cable out or you'll create unnecessary slack. Set the end of the
cable down next to the anchor.
If the winch cable doesn't reach the anchor, look for another anchor that's closer to your vehicle.
Wrap a tree trunk protector around the bottom of the anchor. A tree trunk protector is a thick nylon strap with two loops, one on each end. Wrap the protector around the anchor so the two end loops are facing you. Hold the two end loops in your hand.
If your winch didn`t come with a tree trunk protector, you can order one online or find one at your local hardware store.
Hook a D-shackle through the 2 loops on the protector. A D-shackle is a curved shackle with a large pin that screws in and out of the shackle. Remove the pin from the D-shackle and put the curved part of the D-shackle through both of the loops on the tree trunk protector. Once the loops are on the shackle, reinsert the pin and twist it to tighten it into place.
Hook the winch hook to the D-shackle with the tip facing up. The winch hook is the hook at the end of the winch cable
Turn the disengage lever back to [engaged." You want the lever to be back in the position it started in before you released the winch cable. This will prevent more cable from coming out of the winch.
Use the winch remote to slowly pull the winch cable taut. Press the button on the remote control to start pulling the winch cable back into the winch. This will cause the winch cable to tighten. Stop pressing the button when the cable is taut
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