Li Jian: Most companies don't understand the standard of fasteners.
——China Fastener News Network Interview with Li Jian, an authoritative expert in the field of fastener export standards
Since the development of the domestic fastener industry, exports still occupy an important position in the development of the whole industry, and the proportion has always remained high. For the moment, the fasteners exported to foreign countries are mainly low-end products, and the competitive advantage is not enough. Causes many aspects to be passive. Public
It is well known that in terms of fastener exports, the corresponding fastener export standards are very important and need to be well-known, but many domestic fastener companies are not aware of this, and they are ignorant of relevant standards and difficult to penetrate.
At the 3rd China (Jiaxing) Fastener Industry Expo held on October 9-10, Li Jian, a famous expert in the fastener industry, was invited to give a special lecture and accepted the reporter of China Fastener News Network. Interview, a brief explanation and analysis of the current fastener export product standards.
China Fastener News Network: Can you briefly introduce the classification of the fastener standard system?
Li Jian: The entire fastener standard system can be divided into three categories, the first category is international or regional standards; the second category is national standards, such as Chinese standards, German standards, etc.; the third category is group association standards, take us For China, there are some departmental standards, such as the original Ministry of Machinery Industry standards, and the best examples of association standards are the standards set by ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers).
China Fastener News Network: What do you think is the biggest difficulty facing enterprises in terms of export standards?
Li Jian: The biggest difficulty is that the company does not understand the American standard of fasteners. The US fastener standard is a big difficulty, not only in the enterprise, but also in some experts in the industry. When you see a certain American standard, you don’t know where to start, and you can’t grasp the situation. This is mainly because they have less contact with the US fastener standards, and the US fastener standards are completely different from the German fastener standards and international standards we are familiar with.
China Fastener News Network: What is the biggest difference between American standards and other standards?
Li Jian: The biggest difference lies in the management system. American fastener standards are not managed by a standards body, but by some of their industry associations. For example, mechanical performance standards are managed by ASTM, while product size standards and threading standards are managed by ASME. The Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Materials and Experiments Association are two separate organizations.
China Fastener News Network: Different associations have different standards, will it be messy?
Li Jian: Generally not. Those who are familiar with American standards will find that the US standard is also very complete and very systematic. This is also mentioned in the tool book "Standard Analysis of Fastener Export Products" edited by me. The characteristics of American standards can be summarized as "relative independence and interdependence." The associations are independent but interdependent. There is a division of labor between them. For example, ASME is responsible for the standards of size and thread, while ASTM is responsible for the standards of mechanical properties and raw materials. They have a division of labor, but the division of labor is not absolute, and there is a crossover between each other. That is to say, there are some mechanical properties in ASME, and there are some sizes in ASTM. In addition, this intersection is also reflected in the fact that different associations have the same content standards.
China Fastener News Network: How do you view the fastener products exported by domestic companies to markets such as Europe and America?
Li Jian: Compared with other products, the fasteners are relatively simple in size and shape. When you see the shape, you can basically make a similar, shape-matching product, but I think the seemingly simple things are actually very complicated. Some companies don't realize this. They think that it is ok to make this thing, the shape is consistent, and the size is OK, but is the internal indicator of the product meeting the requirements? In the United States, the fastener standard focuses on the connotation, and the dimensional tolerances are quite loose.
China Fastener News Network: According to your understanding, China's fastener companies suffer from losses due to product standards.
Li Jian: A lot. Let me give you an example. Many years ago, I had a friend who called me to tell me that a product he exported had a problem. Foreign customers demanded a claim, and he still did not know the reason. After I asked the specifics of the product, I only gave him a sentence, "You will wait quietly for someone to claim it!" Because he did not understand the product standards. This export product is our common fiberboard nail. The raw material should be a carburized steel with a carbon content of about 0.2, and he uses a carbon steel with a carbon content of about 0.1. The mechanical properties of the product are made. The technical indicators specified in the product standards are not met.
China Fastener News Network: At present, the fastener products we export are also low-end products. What do you think?
Li Jian: Among the products exported from the mainland, the low end accounts for the vast majority and the price is relatively low. Why? In my opinion, our products can reach the level of similar products in Europe and America in terms of appearance quality, even better than their products. In terms of intrinsic quality, the quality of our materials is constantly improving, and we can achieve high standards. But we still have a hard time getting rid of low-end product exports. The key here is that Chinese companies are not familiar with American standards.
China Fastener News Network: What causes Chinese companies to be unfamiliar with US standards?
Li Jian: There are two reasons. First, there are many administrative departments in the US standard, which are scattered and complicated to understand. (such as American standard: ASME / ANSI, ASTM, IFI)
Second, from the standard division, the division of American standards is very thick. A standard numbering manages many product varieties, and our standard division is very detailed.
(Example: ASME/ANSI B 18.2.2-1986 includes hex nuts, square nuts, slotted nuts, lock nuts, flange nuts)
[again: ASME/ANSI B 18.6.3-1986 includes slotted screws, Phillips screws, Phillips screws, 11-slot screws and a variety of head shapes for each type of groove (sunk head, semi-sunk head) , pan head, spherical cylinder head)
Expert business card:Li Jian: Senior engineer, editor-in-chief of the book "Standard Analysis of Fastener Export Products". He worked in the Standardization Office of Shenyang Standard Parts Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry and the Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of Fastener Products of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. He served as the executive director, engaged in standard revision and product quality management. After retirement, he was in Beijing Shengtuo (Switzerland). The company, Shanghai Shengbiao Trading Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Hanzhou International Trading Co., Ltd. are engaged in technical management. Has many years of experience and experience in the standardization / revision of fasteners, process design, quality management and import and export trade.
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