First, Mao Shi (divided into chaotic stone and flat stone)
Building stone (3 photos)
Second, the stone (divided into wool stone, coarse stone, semi-fine stone, fine stone)
Third, facing stone
1. Natural granite plate
The granite referred to in the architectural decoration project refers to a kind of decorative stone represented by granite, including various kinds of minerals composed of quartz and feldspar, and containing a small amount of mica and dark minerals. Stone metamorphic rocks, such as granite, diabase, gabbro, basalt, peridotite, etc. From the appearance characteristics, granite often has an overall uniform granular structure called granite structure.
1 feature
The granite structure is compact, strong in strength, high in density, extremely low in water absorption, hard in texture and wear-resistant, and is an acid hard stone.
The chemical composition of granite is SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, etc., and the content of SiO2 is often 60% or more, which is acidic stone. Therefore, it is resistant to acid, weathering, durability, and has a long service life. The quartz in which the granite is located undergoes crystal transformation at a high temperature, and the volume expands and cracks, so it is not fire resistant.
2 classification, level and technical requirements
Natural granite plates can be divided into four types according to their shape: MG, PX, HM and YX. According to the degree of surface processing, it can be divided into three types: thin plate surface (YG), mirror panel (JM) and thick panel (CM).
According to the national standard GB/T18601-2009 "natural granite building panels", wool panels (by thickness deviation, flatness tolerance, appearance quality, etc.), general-purpose panels (dimension deviation, flatness tolerance, angular tolerance and appearance) Quality, etc., arc plate (according to specification dimensional deviation, straightness tolerance, line profile tolerance and appearance quality, etc.) are divided into three grades: superior product (A), first-class product (B), and qualified product (C). .
Technical requirements for natural granite slabs include specification dimensional tolerances, flatness tolerances, angular tolerances, appearance quality, and physical properties. [1]
3 natural radioactivity
Radioactivity in natural stone is a cause of general concern. However, it has been proved that most of the natural stone contains very little radioactive material and will not cause any harm to the human body. However, some of the granite products have excessive radioactivity indicators, which will cause environmental pollution during long-term use, so it is necessary to limit their use. In the national standard GB6566-2011 "Limits of radionuclides for building materials", the natural radionuclides (Radium-226, é’-232, K-40) are used in the decoration materials (granite, building ceramics, gypsum products, etc.). The limits of radioactivity specific activity and external exposure index are divided into three categories: A, B, and C: the production, sales, and use range of Class A products are not limited; Class B products are not applicable to the interior surface of Class I civil buildings, but It can be used for the exterior finishes of Class I civil buildings and the interior and exterior finishes of all other buildings; Class C products can only be used for exterior finishes of all buildings.
Granite and marble with radioactive levels exceeding the limit, in which the radioactive elements such as radium and thorium will decay during the decay of natural radioactive gases. Earthworm is a colorless, odorless, sensory, invisible gas that is particularly easy to focus in poorly ventilated areas, causing lesions in the lungs, blood, and respiratory tract.
At present, most of the natural stone products used in China are in line with the requirements of Class A products, but a small number of Class B and Class C products are not excluded. Therefore, products that have been tested for radioactivity and have obtained the certificate of radioactive products should be used in the decoration project. In addition, during use, the doors and windows of the living room should be opened frequently to promote the indoor air circulation, so that the cockroach is diluted to achieve the purpose of reducing pollution.
4 applications
Granite plates are mainly used for large public buildings or interior and exterior decoration projects with high decorative grades. Granite is not easy to weather, and the appearance color can be kept for more than 100 years. Therefore, rough and fine-faced plates are often used for outdoor floors, walls, cylinders, feet, pedestals and steps; mirror plates are mainly used for indoor and outdoor floors and walls. Surfaces, cylinders, countertops, steps, etc., are particularly suitable for large public building hall floors.
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