In recent years, with the continuous increase of rice production, the use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers has been increasing, and the demand for potassium has been increasing. The application of potash fertilizer in rice fields has been accepted by more and more farmers. Potassium is sufficient to enhance photosynthesis, promote sugar synthesis and accumulation, improve plant resistance, enhance rice root respiration, promote nitrogen uptake and protein synthesis, and make rice grains full, high yield and stable yield, but The following points must be noted when applying potassium fertilizer:
Correctly grasp the proportion of base fertilizer. For a long time, some farmers have applied potassium fertilizer as top dressing to the field. Although there is a certain increase in production, the fertilizer efficiency is not high. In recent years, the use of potash as a base fertilizer and early topdressing in other places has been more effective. The uptake of potassium by rice is the highest in tillering to jointing stage, accounting for 60% of the total demand. It is used as base fertilizer and early topdressing. It promotes the development of rice roots, and has the effect of early tillering and increasing grain weight gain, while late fertilizer application and yield increase effect. difference. Generally, 2/3 of the application rate of potassium fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer, and 1/3 should be used as the early topdressing fertilizer. The topdressing should be applied in the early stage of rice tillering. According to the test, the same amount of potash fertilizer, all applied as base fertilizer, increased yield by 13.9% compared with no applied potassium fertilizer; only increased yield by 5.4% for all topdressing; and the base fertilizer and topdressing were half, and the top dressing increased by the topdressing period. , up to 16.5%, up to about 20%. Each kilogram of potassium fertilizer (potassium chloride) can increase the yield of rice by 3 to 6 kg.
Correctly grasping the application amount Generally speaking, hybrid rice requires more potassium, conventional rice requires less potassium; late rice requires more potassium, early rice requires less potassium; high stalk varieties require more potassium, and dwarf varieties require less potassium. Potassium fertilizer was applied in potassium-deficient rice fields, and the yield of rice increased with the increase of application rate. However, the benefit of increasing yield per kg of potassium fertilizer decreased with the increase of fertilization application rate. Potassium fertilizer exceeded the range of dosage and the yield decreased. Even in the application of potassium-deficient rice fields, it is not the more potassium fertilizer applied. Generally, the application of potassium chloride is 6.5~8.5 kg or potassium sulfate is 7.5~10 kg, and the economic benefit is high. The hybrid rice with fertilizer resistance can be increased to about 12.5 kg per mu; the content of quick-acting potassium in cold-impregnated rice fields is low, and the amount of potassium fertilizer can be increased appropriately.
Correctly grasp the shallow root crops of rice cultivars, most of which are distributed in the soil layer of 10~15 cm. The experiment shows that the potassium nutrient of rice roots needs to be carried out under the conditions of foot oxygen, so the potash fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer. 15 cm is appropriate. Note that it can not be applied too deep, early fertilization, should be combined with cultivating the field after the application, so that the potash and mud are mixed with each other. After fertilization, the water layer should not be too deep, and it should not be irrigated or flooded. It should not be drained within 5~6 days, and it should not be alternated with frequent wet and dry, so as to avoid nutrient leaching and soil fixation, and reduce the effect of potassium fertilizer.
Application of NPK fertilizer In the nutrient composition of rice, various nutrients have mutual promotion and a certain dynamic balance. The lack of any nutrient will not only lead to the deficiency of this element of rice, but also affect the normal absorption and utilization of other elements, so that rice can not grow normally. Even in the case of potassium-deficient rice fields, various nutrient sciences must be applied in combination. In order to fully exert its effectiveness, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 1:0.5:1.2. Potassium fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer, the effect is better. If conditions permit, 1000-1500 kg of farmyard manure can be applied per mu, or the method of returning straw to the field can increase the organic matter of the soil.
Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate outside the roots at the booting stage and filling stage of rice, spraying 50% of 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the surface of the rice, spraying again every 5~7 days, even spraying 2~3 times . In addition, during the growth period of rice, the planting ash is applied several times, which not only supplements potassium, but also prevents disease, and the yield increasing effect is good.
Potassium fertilizer applied in lime rice fields as appropriate, whether it is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, is a physiological acid fertilizer. If long-term application will cause acidification of paddy soil, it is necessary to apply a certain amount of lime as appropriate. Apply 15 to 20 kilograms of lime to the paddy fields to neutralize the acidity of the soil and facilitate the growth of rice.
Correctly grasp the proportion of base fertilizer. For a long time, some farmers have applied potassium fertilizer as top dressing to the field. Although there is a certain increase in production, the fertilizer efficiency is not high. In recent years, the use of potash as a base fertilizer and early topdressing in other places has been more effective. The uptake of potassium by rice is the highest in tillering to jointing stage, accounting for 60% of the total demand. It is used as base fertilizer and early topdressing. It promotes the development of rice roots, and has the effect of early tillering and increasing grain weight gain, while late fertilizer application and yield increase effect. difference. Generally, 2/3 of the application rate of potassium fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer, and 1/3 should be used as the early topdressing fertilizer. The topdressing should be applied in the early stage of rice tillering. According to the test, the same amount of potash fertilizer, all applied as base fertilizer, increased yield by 13.9% compared with no applied potassium fertilizer; only increased yield by 5.4% for all topdressing; and the base fertilizer and topdressing were half, and the top dressing increased by the topdressing period. , up to 16.5%, up to about 20%. Each kilogram of potassium fertilizer (potassium chloride) can increase the yield of rice by 3 to 6 kg.
Correctly grasping the application amount Generally speaking, hybrid rice requires more potassium, conventional rice requires less potassium; late rice requires more potassium, early rice requires less potassium; high stalk varieties require more potassium, and dwarf varieties require less potassium. Potassium fertilizer was applied in potassium-deficient rice fields, and the yield of rice increased with the increase of application rate. However, the benefit of increasing yield per kg of potassium fertilizer decreased with the increase of fertilization application rate. Potassium fertilizer exceeded the range of dosage and the yield decreased. Even in the application of potassium-deficient rice fields, it is not the more potassium fertilizer applied. Generally, the application of potassium chloride is 6.5~8.5 kg or potassium sulfate is 7.5~10 kg, and the economic benefit is high. The hybrid rice with fertilizer resistance can be increased to about 12.5 kg per mu; the content of quick-acting potassium in cold-impregnated rice fields is low, and the amount of potassium fertilizer can be increased appropriately.
Correctly grasp the shallow root crops of rice cultivars, most of which are distributed in the soil layer of 10~15 cm. The experiment shows that the potassium nutrient of rice roots needs to be carried out under the conditions of foot oxygen, so the potash fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer. 15 cm is appropriate. Note that it can not be applied too deep, early fertilization, should be combined with cultivating the field after the application, so that the potash and mud are mixed with each other. After fertilization, the water layer should not be too deep, and it should not be irrigated or flooded. It should not be drained within 5~6 days, and it should not be alternated with frequent wet and dry, so as to avoid nutrient leaching and soil fixation, and reduce the effect of potassium fertilizer.
Application of NPK fertilizer In the nutrient composition of rice, various nutrients have mutual promotion and a certain dynamic balance. The lack of any nutrient will not only lead to the deficiency of this element of rice, but also affect the normal absorption and utilization of other elements, so that rice can not grow normally. Even in the case of potassium-deficient rice fields, various nutrient sciences must be applied in combination. In order to fully exert its effectiveness, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is generally 1:0.5:1.2. Potassium fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer, the effect is better. If conditions permit, 1000-1500 kg of farmyard manure can be applied per mu, or the method of returning straw to the field can increase the organic matter of the soil.
Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate outside the roots at the booting stage and filling stage of rice, spraying 50% of 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the surface of the rice, spraying again every 5~7 days, even spraying 2~3 times . In addition, during the growth period of rice, the planting ash is applied several times, which not only supplements potassium, but also prevents disease, and the yield increasing effect is good.
Potassium fertilizer applied in lime rice fields as appropriate, whether it is potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, is a physiological acid fertilizer. If long-term application will cause acidification of paddy soil, it is necessary to apply a certain amount of lime as appropriate. Apply 15 to 20 kilograms of lime to the paddy fields to neutralize the acidity of the soil and facilitate the growth of rice.
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