In the winter, four major meteorological disasters

Now that it has entered the winter, meteorological disasters in the winter are extremely common in our country, which has brought great impact and damage to our life, property and national economic construction.

A cold wave

The cold wave is a cold and cold air in the polar cold oceans and regions that has invaded China in large numbers, causing a wide range of weather conditions that drastically cool down and northerly winds, sometimes accompanied by rain, snow, and ice. The cold wave usually occurs in late autumn, winter, and early spring, especially in late autumn and early winter and early winter.

standard

According to the National Standard for the Cold Air Level, after a region passes cold air, the temperature drops by more than 8 °C within 24 hours , or the temperature drops by more than 10 °C within 48 hours , or the temperature continuously drops by 12 °C or more within 72 hours , and the minimum Temperatures below 4 °C can be attributed to cold waves. It can be seen that not every time the cold air goes south, it is called a cold wave.

Defensive measures

(1) When there is a sudden drop in temperature, care should be taken to keep warm, especially the warmth of hands and face.

(2) Close the doors and windows and secure the outdoor structures.

(3) Go out and watch the slippery fall.

(4) Old and weak patients, especially cardiovascular patients, asthma patients, etc., who are sensitive to temperature changes, should try not to go out.

(5) pay attention to rest, do not fatigue.

(6) Households using coal stoves should be wary of gas poisoning.

(7) The sea ​​vessel returns in time.

(8) Prepare cold protection for crops and herds in advance.

Second, snow disaster

As a result of large-scale snowfall over a long period of time and even snow accumulation, natural disasters that affect people’s normal lives are a phenomenon. According to the formation conditions, distribution scope, and forms of expression of snow disasters in China, the snow disasters are divided into four types : snow cover, wind blown snow, snow storm, and avalanche .

Defensive measures

1, before the snow:

(1) Pay attention to listening to the weather forecast.

(2) Prepare for cold protection, including indoor heating equipment and clothing. Food preparation is adequate.

2. When it is snowing:

(1) The car slows down, and passers-by are careful to slip.

(2) Close road traffic if necessary.

(3) Do not go out for young and sick and weak people, pay attention to keeping warm and keeping warm.

(4) Close the doors and windows and fasten the outdoor structures.

(5) The ship enters the harbor sheltered.

(6) Outdoor personnel such as high altitude and water stop working.

3, after stopping snow:

(1) The road is slippery and the vehicle is slow.

(2) The relevant departments do a good job of snowmelt and road snow clearance.

Third, the road is frozen

Road freezing refers to precipitation, such as rain, snow, freezing rain, or droplets, which hit snow or ice that occurs at temperatures below 0 °C . Usually consists of frozen snow, bumpy hail, snow melting water, or other causes of hard water formed during the cold season. Road icing is divided into two situations. One is the freezing of roads formed on the road surface immediately after snowfall, and the other is the formation of ice on the road surface due to the instructor of the temperature after the snow melts.

Defensive measures

1, out of the prevention measures:

(1) Pedestrians are prone to slipping and falling on roads, so try not to go outside, especially if you are riding as little as possible.

(2) Drivers should take anti-skid measures (such as installing anti-skid chains), pay attention to road conditions, slow down, do not apply heavy brakes or make sharp turns, and drive carefully.

(3) Pedestrians should pay attention to avoiding or avoiding motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, and do not play on frozen ground.

2. What if the road freezes and falls ?

(1) As the road is slippery and falls, it is easy to cause sprains or bruises. At this time, it should go to the hospital for treatment.

(2) If there is bleeding, the wound should be immediately sealed with a clean cloth to stop the bleeding.

(3) If there is a fracture, if there is no knowledge of professional rescue, do not casually move the injured. Contact the hospital immediately for ambulance care and pay attention to the warmth of the injured.

Fourth, strong wind

Severe wind refers to the wind at the station where the instantaneous wind speed reaches or exceeds 17.0 meters per second (or visually measures wind power at or above level 8 ). The strong winds in winter are generally cold winds, caused by cold fronts.

Defensive measures

(1) In windy days, walk away from the construction site and pass quickly when walking near the construction site. Do not stay below tall buildings, billboards, or big trees.

(2) Reinforce doors and windows, fences, and scaffolds that are easily blown by wind , and properly place outdoor objects that are easily damaged by strong winds.

(3) Motorized and non-motorized drivers should slow down.

(4) Immediately stop outdoor operations such as high altitude and water; immediately stop open air collective activities and evacuate personnel.

(5) Do not park the vehicle under tall buildings or under large trees so as to avoid damage caused by falling of glass, branches, etc.

(6) Close attention should be paid to potential fire hazards so as to prevent fires from taking the wind and causing heavy losses.

(7) Keep an eye on the weather forecast and prepare for wind protection.

(8) Try to avoid going out in windy weather, especially the elderly and children.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.