Chinese and American scientists: adding nano-diamonds makes lithium batteries safer

Lithium batteries are widely used in mobile devices such as mobile phones and notebook computers, and dangerous events such as ignition of mobile devices due to short-circuited batteries are also increasing. Scientists from China and the United States have collaborated to complete a new study in which nanoscale diamond particles are added to the electrolyte of lithium batteries to prevent deposits inside the battery that cause short circuits and to avoid fire accidents caused by short circuits. Lithium batteries have high energy density and good discharge performance, and are widely used in industrial and consumer electronics. However, if pure metal lithium is used as the electrode, the inside of the battery is prone to generate dendritic deposits called "dendrites", which may cause a short circuit if the size is large to some extent. Most lithium batteries use lithium-filled graphite materials as electrodes, which reduce the occurrence of "dendrites" to a certain extent, but also greatly reduce the energy storage effect of lithium batteries (only lithium batteries with lithium metal as electrodes) one tenth).
The researchers added nanoscale diamonds to the lithium battery electrolyte. They found that the deposits inside the battery are smooth layers rather than "dendrites." This new discovery is expected to inhibit the use of pure lithium metal as an electrode. The occurrence of dendrites allows lithium batteries to be safer and more efficient. It is understood that nano-scale diamonds are extremely small diamond particles, which are less than one ten-thousandth the size of the hairline, and they are also inexpensive to manufacture, have a very regular structure, and are easily arranged naturally into a smooth surface. In the experiment, the researchers used a lithium battery with nano-scale diamonds for a 200-hour charge-discharge cycle test. The test results show that the technology should be sufficient in some industrial applications, unfortunately used in smartphones or laptops. Further verification of performance is required.
The study is currently published in the new issue of Nature News, a collaboration between Tsinghua University and Drexel University.

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